Where is lutheranism founded

They quickly went to work, sponsoring religious schools, building churches, and experimenting with various economic endeavors, including silk making, farming, and lumbering. After the war, Georgia Lutherans formed synodical affiliations with Lutheran parishes in Charleston, South Carolina, and in Ebenezer served as the host for the first synodical convention in Georgia.

As settlements pushed westward between the s and s, Georgia Lutherans increasingly sponsored missionary work, targeting slave owners, enslaved people , middling farmers, and yeomen. Like other Protestant missionaries during this era, they tended to affirm the status quo rather than any gospel of equality, deferring to the wealthy and powerful men in the communities they entered.

For example, one church they founded in Macon had separate entries and seating for men, women, and enslaved Blacks. In direct competition with the well-organized elements of revivalist Baptist and Methodist groups, Lutheran missionaries had less success; by only eight Lutheran churches existed in the state, with a communicant strength of whites and 61 Blacks.

The political and military conflicts of the Civil War era disrupted church attendance and Lutheran commitment to missionary work. After the war, Lutheran churches struggled to retain members and raise cash for new facilities. The number of Black communicants on Lutheran rosters likewise declined to only a handful. The late nineteenth and early twentieth century, however, saw a remarkable reversal of this downward trend as urban areas exploded in the state; indeed, by prominent Lutheran churches dotted the downtowns of Atlanta, Augusta , Macon, and Savannah and even stood in such small country towns as Plains and Senoia.

The Georgia Synod was founded in , but in a new synodical organization, the Missouri Synod, felt that it needed to be represented in the Atlanta area, and over the next thirty years it sent church planners to found mission churches in Athens , Atlanta, Columbus , East Point, and Rome , resulting in two synods in the state. Grem, Darren. Grem, D. Lutheran Church. In New Georgia Encyclopedia.

It was founded in the early sixteenth century when a German…. The German Lutheran Church in Augusta, pictured in , was one of the many Lutheran churches to spring up around the state during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Courtesy of Georgia Archives , Vanishing Georgia, ric View on partner site. The New Georgia Encyclopedia does not hold the copyright for this media resource and can neither grant nor deny permission to republish or reproduce the image online or in print.

Requests for permission to publish or reproduce the resource should be submitted to the Georgia Archives. In Lutheran leaders were summoned to give an account of their faith before the parliament of the empire gathered at Augsburg.

The confession of Christian faith they presented to the emperor is known as the Augsburg Confession, and this has become the charter of Lutheran churches all around the world. As the movement for reform spread, other leaders came to the fore, and sadly divisions appeared among them.

Those who followed Luther were nicknamed 'Lutherans'. Luther himself would have preferred them simply to be called 'Christians', but eventually the name was adopted. Today, around 74 million people call themselves 'Lutheran'. See Lutherans Worldwide. After the Reformation, the Lutheran church went through times of internal dissension and was beset by external perils of various kinds, culminating in the horror of the Thirty Years War.

In these years Lutheranism had to define and defend itself, and this is called the period of orthodoxy. Eventually, it was agreed that people should basically follow their leaders: if the duke is Catholic, his people should be too; if the prince is Lutheran, his people should follow him. Following this pattern, various regional churches developed in Germany, whereas in the Nordic sphere entire nations followed their rulers in becoming Lutheran.

When northern Europeans began to be involved in colonial expansion, those from a Lutheran background took their faith with them and over a period of time established new Lutheran churches. A movement for renewal in the life of the church called pietism was the impetus for mission both at home and abroad.

Over a period of time, these missions grew up to become young independent Lutheran churches with indigenous leaders. The faith communities that grew out of the Lutheran movement are often called evangelical Lutheran churches. During his time at Wartburg, Luther translated the New Testament from Greek into German and poured out doctrinal and controversial writings, including a "Refutation of the argument of Latomus," in which he clarified the doctrine of justification to Jacobus Latomus , a philosopher from Louvain, and a renewed attack on Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz, whom he disgraced into ceasing the sale of indulgences as a bishop.

In , at the First Diet of Speyer , it was determined that, until a General Council could meet and decide the theological issues raised by Martin Luther, the Edict of Worms would not be enforced and each Prince could decide if Lutheran teachings and worship would be allowed in his state.

In , at the Second Diet of Speyer, the decision the previous Diet of Speyer was reversed — despite the strong protests of the Lutheran princes, free cities, and Zwinglians. These states quickly became known as Protestants. At first, this term Protestant was used politically for people that resisted the Edict of Worms. Although, over time this term came to be used for the religious movements that opposed the Roman Catholic tradition in the 16th century. In , Michael the Deacon of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church traveled to Wittenberg to meet with Martin Luther, both of whom agreed that the Lutheran Church and the Ethiopian Orthodox Church were in agreement with one another in regards to many doctrinal beliefs and practices.

Martin Luther saw that the Ethiopian Orthodox Church practiced elements of faith including "communion in both kind, vernacular Scriptures, and married clergy" and these practices became a tradition in the Lutheran Churches. Lutheran scholasticism was a theological method that steadily developed during the time of Lutheran Orthodoxy.

Theologians used the neo-Aristotelian form of presenting their ideas and beliefs in their writings and lectures. They defined the Lutheran faith and defended it against attacking criticisms.

Scholasticism in Lutheranism aimed at a comprehensive examination of theology , augmenting revelation with the conclusions of reason. The Greek philosopher Aristotle developed the rules according to which it proceeded, and after some time, he became the authority for both the source and process of theology. The philosophical school of Neo-Aristotelianism originated among Roman Catholics, however, it expanded to Germany by the late 16th century, resulting in a uniquely Protestant methodology of metaphysics associated with humanism.

This scholastic idea of metaphysics held that abstract concepts could better define the world in clear, distinct terms. This influenced the later development of the scientific method. The main doctrine, or primary principle, of Lutheranism, is the doctrine of justification.

Lutherans believe that humans are saved from their sins by God's grace alone Sola Gratia , through faith alone Sola Fide , on the basis of Scripture alone Sola Scriptura. Orthodox Lutheran theology holds that God made the world, including humanity, perfect, holy and sinless. However, Adam and Eve chose to disobey God, trusting in their own strength, knowledge, and wisdom. Consequently, people are saddled with original sin, born sinful and unable to avoid committing sinful acts.

For Lutherans, original sin is the " chief sin, a root, and fountainhead of all actual sins. The Lutheran sacraments are "sacred acts of the divine institution". These sacraments teach that God earnestly offers to all who receive the blessings of forgiveness of sins and eternal salvation.

In the s, this church experienced a revival through the work of the Leipzig Mission, including Karl Grau l. After German missionaries were expelled in , Lutherans in India became entirely autonomous, yet preserved their Lutheran character. In recent years India has relaxed its anti-religious conversion laws, allowing a resurgence in missionary work.